Dynamical systems theory offers a robust framework for deciphering the complex behaviour inherent in both natural and engineered systems. By representing all possible states of a system within a phase ...

Some brief theory and typical measurements of phase noise. Standard analysis of PLL phase noise used by most CAD applications. How to produce the lowest phase noise at a PLL output. A standard design ...

The design of a closed-loop switch-mode power supply creates a path between the variable a designer wants to monitor and the control pin of the designer's converter. This control pin can be the peak ...

Building performance is a hallmark of architecture in the 21st century. With buildings and the construction industry being significant contributors to carbon emissions, designers must do everything to ...