During femtosecond laser fabrication, photons are mainly absorbed by electrons, and the subsequent energy transfer from electrons to ions is of picosecond order. Hence, lattice motion is negligible ...

Investopedia contributors come from a range of backgrounds, and over 25 years there have been thousands of expert writers and editors who have contributed. Gordon Scott has been an active investor and ...

Abstract: Integrated energy systems face challenges such as inconsistent equipment parameters, unmeasurable data, and complex coupling mechanisms. To address these issues, this paper develops an ...

Abstract: Product design involves the conceptualization and creation of products, where simulation workflows often require dynamic scheduling. Although deep reinforcement learning has shown ...

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StockSim is a comprehensive, open-source simulation platform designed for systematic evaluation of Large Language Models (LLMs) in realistic financial decision-making environments. The platform ...